Disaster Mental Health

This page contains most all disaster-related links and materials available at this site. Here, you'll find mental health handouts as well as links to external disaster web sites, disaster mental health guides, and other informative materials useful in assisting disaster victims.


Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 Fragments Impact Jupiter

Some disaster victims do need additional attention from a professional therapist, but most will not. Much of the initial mental health disaster response involves two primary goals:

(1) normalizing feelings: reassuring victims that the strange and upsetting feelings they experience after a disaster (as following other traumatic events) are normal -- given what happened -- and (2) helping victms find effective ways of coping with their ongoing stress.

I hope the following handouts will assist in this educational process. At least, on Earth...

The first fourteen information sheets below were collected during my previous experience in disaster mental health assistance, and from generous colleagues. Many of these handouts came to me during the Northridge California earthquake in early 1994. For this listing, I selected handouts that seem broadly useful and generic across disaster type.

As far as I know, none of the 14 internal documents in this section are copyright. They may be used in the service of mental health disaster assistance provided authorship credit is given (where known), and no fee is charged to any recipients. For that purpose, please feel free to download any sheets that appear useful. You should be able to save or capture individual files to disk, but just how you do this depends some on your browser. Or, you can download the entire set in zipped text format. Additional disaster materials residing external to this site follow the internal documents. Please follow the copyright and usage guidelines as posted on these files by their authors.


Photo: Thomas Franklin
Bergen Record

A separate section lists links to web sites focused on disasters and disaster responses, including current disasters. These sites are copyright by their authors, of course. Please also have a look at the general support information and web links on separate pages. For example, many of the Supportive Information links on Page 4, as well as several sites in other sections, have information particularly relevant to trauma victims and disaster workers.

Feel free to email your comments or suggestions. I would particularly appreciate hearing from anyone with additional materials to contribute to this collection, or from anyone knowing of any documents that should be removed from this site. Enjoy!

Disaster Mental Health Handouts

The following cache of 14 disaster handouts residing at this site is categorized into material for Adult Victims, Families & Child Victims, and Disaster Workers & their Families.

Two separate sections of external disaster materials follows these 14 handouts: The first, added following the September 2001 terrorist attacks on World Trade Center and the Pentagon, focuses primarily on terrorist attacks. The second section of external disaster materials focuses more generally on disasters. All may be useful, since all address emotional and mental health issues commonly faced by disaster victims.

TopAdult Victims

Victim Emotional Health
Emotional health issues for victims, from the American Red Cross.
Warning Signs
Warning signs of trauma-related stress, from the American Psychological Association.
Critical Incident
Critical incident stress information sheet, from Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health.
Normalizing Emotions
You are not alone! description of normal emotions following a disaster, from the American Red Cross.
Building Safety
Reducing fear about building safety, by Dan Friedman, American Society of Home Inspectors.
Coping Suggestions
Coping suggestions, from Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health.
Steps to Take
After a disaster: Steps you can take, from Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health.

Families and Child Victims

Family Coping
Coping suggestions for families, from the Los Angeles County Department of Mental Health.
Helping Children after a Disaster
Child behaviors to watch and suggestions to help, by the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry.
Helping Children Cope
Helping children cope with disaster, from FEMA and the American Red Cross.
Children's Reactions
Children's reactions to disaster; author unknown.
Talking with Children about the Bombing
Suggestions for parents or other adults about what to tell children about terrorist bombings, by Eitan Schwartz MD.

Disaster Workers and Their Families

Worker's Emotional Health
Emotional health issues for disaster workers, from the American Red Cross.
Worker Family's Emotional Health
Emotional health issues for families of disaster workers, from the American Red Cross.

TopAdditional (External) Disaster Materials for Adults, Children, and Families

First Aid Advice
From St John Ambulance: written & spoken basic first aid advice; e.g., rescue breaths, CPR, burns, bleeding, shock, etc.
Emergency Preparedness: Disaster Mental Health Resources
A collection of disaster mental health resources from the CDC, covering: coping with disaster, children & teens, and for responders.
Red Cross PDF on Tsunamis
PDF information page on Tsunamis, from the American Red Cross (and affiliated agencies).
NC-PTSD: Tsunami Disaster
Fact sheets on understanding disaster trauma, grief & death, and related information from the National Center for PTSD on Tsunamis.
Disease Prevention Pamphlet
Disease prevention information -- with images -- for tsunami disaster victims (in PDF format)
Disease Prevention Information
Disease prevention pamphlet -- primarily a table -- for tsunami relief workers (in PDF format).
Tsunami Disaster: Health Information for Humanitarian Workers
US CDC site lists areas affected, various health / injury risks & health recommendations, symptoms, and things to bring into the disaster area.
Tsunami Mental Health Resources
US CDC site collects mental health information for those directly impacted, relief workers, mental health professionals & the general public.
Breaking Bad News by Telephone
A guide and checklist (in PDF format) for breaking difficult news to victim next of kin via telephone, from the British Embassy in Thailand.
Coping with Loss and Grief
A brief PDF guide to comfort and guide people coping with the loss of loved ones and related grief, from the British Embassy in Thailand.
Coping with a Natural Disaster
PDF guide for people dealing with natural disaster: answers 5 common questions about responses to abnormal events; British Embassy in Thailand.
Tsunami Psychological Help
Dr Martin Winkler's comments regarding providing psychological help to victims of the recent Tsunami disaster, with links to other resources.
Psychosocial issues re: Tsunami Help
Collected comments for disaster workers offering help to various tsunami victim groups: women, separated children, media, in refugee camps, etc.
Disaster Psychiatry: How to Cope
A collection of disaster mental health resources presented by the Americian Psychiatry Association, with links to other resources.
Coping with Disasters
MedlinePlus: a list of news releases, divided into categories -- latest news; overviews; children, teenagers, seniors, etc.
APA: What to Expect After Trauma
Expectable reactions to trauma or disaster in children and adults, ways to cope, and guidelines for parents and teachers.
Resources on Coping with Traumatic Events
A list of links to resources related to coping with various traumatic events, including disasters, collected by the APA.
Helping Survivors in the Wake of Disaster
National PTSD Center handout summarizes how to help victims at the disaster site or in shelters.
Hurricane-Related Distress
Brief, practical, suggestions concerning how to handle the stress and anxiety of multiple hurricanes, by Charles Figley PhD.
EMDR: Butterfly Hug
Description of the Butterfly Hug, an easy-to-use EMDR-related intervention that may be helpful for calming disaster victims.
FEMA for Kids
FEMA site for children, includes sections for learning, preparing and connecting with others.
Disaster Help for Parents and Children
The Child Advocate site's collection of links re: disaster and trauma intervention; a starting point for helping children.
Helping Children & Adolescents After a Disaster
Several handouts and statements by the AACAP on understanding and helping kids after dissaters.
KEN Publications Catalog
Disaster Relief, Crisis Counseling, and other publications (and videos) available from KEN.
Understanding & Coping with Traumatic Stress
Headington Institute's modular self-study guide covers stress & humanitarian work, PTSD, and includes a self-test.
After a Disaster: A Series of Publications
Virginia Cooperative Extension presents several articles, focused on safety, food & water, stress, insurance, cleaning and roof repairs.
DisasterSurvivorSupport
A survivor-helping-survivor message site, not a professional mental health services site.
Emotional First Aid
Peter Levine's synopsis of do's & don'ts, psychological & physiological responses, and helpful responses -- useful after disaster.

TopAdditional (External) Disaster Materials focused on Terrorist Attacks

Fostering Resilience in Response to Terrorism
A set of nine fact sheets, in PDF format, designed to assist psychologists seeking to foster resilience in a variety of populations.
Helping America Cope
A ~40 page PDF file, by Annette La Greca, focuses on coping with 911 attacks & anniverary reactions to these events.
NIMH: Response to Terrorist Acts against America
A collection of links on PTSD, depression, anxiety, and other resources that may be helpful following September attacks.
Terrorism & Trauma: Professional Resources
A collection of fact sheets and specialized resources for mental health professionals helping others after terrorist attacks.
Helping Children & Adolescents Cope with Violence & Disasters
An NIMH resource, updated after September 2001, discusses trauma and PTSD, how children respond, and how to help them.
Recovery 911: World Trade Center Trauma
Ed Schmookler's online book focuses on creating security amidst terror; guidelines for coping with PTSD from this attack.
Coping with Sept. 11 Attacks -- For Sexual Abuse Survivors & People with Mental Health Problems
Brief article by Kali Munro explores parallels between attacks and child sexual abuse; gives suggestions for how to cope.
Terrorism: Trauma, Grief, and Recovery
Kathleen Nader's article, written after the 11 September attacks, addresses psychological first aid, recognizing vulnerability, etc.
Combating PTSD, Depression and Suicidal Thoughts
Breif article by Stephen Bernhardt covers PTSD symptoms, depression and suicidal ideation, and lists coping strategies.
Attack on the USA: CISM Information
The ICISF's webpage focused on the September attack; includes handouts and articles on CISD & psychlogical debriefing.
Terrorism and Children
Fact sheet from the National Center for PTSD, on children's responses to trauma (by ages), and how parents can talk with them.
APA: Helping Kids Cope with Terrorism
Public education materials designed to help kids cope with recent terrorism, from the American Psychological Association.
Tragic Times, Healing Words
"Helping Childen Cope", by Sesame Street - Parents website. Includes how to respond to your child saying 'I'm scared!'.
Coping With Disaster: Suggestions for Helping Children With Cognitive Disabilities
A useful summary of what to expect in children's responses to disaster and loss & general strategies to promote coping.
Crisis Resources
The Guidance Channel's collection of nine helpful articles for parents or teachers talking with children about terrorist attacks.

TopDisaster Mental Health Guides

This section of links focuses on disaster mental health (DMH) guides that may be useful for emergency workers working with individuals in disaster situations. DMH guides focus on mental health issues pertinent in disaster situations, but may also be useful in working with any individual in crisis.

A separate section of links collects PTSD treatment guidelines (for PTSD, acute stress, and dissociative disorders). While the PTSD treatment guides may be of primary interest to clinicians working with traumatic stress disorders, they can be helpful for some individuals in disaster areas as well. Therefore, the PTSD treatment guides page is the first link in this section.

PTSD Treatment Guides
Collected treatment guidelines, for Acute Stress Disorder, PTSD & Dissociation - may be relevant in disaster mental health situations.
Trauma Treatment Manual
Ed Schmookler's excellent treatment manual, initially written for Bosnia, applies to most disasters. Now posted at this site.
Disaster Mental Health Guidebook
Full text of an excellent disaster mental health manual for clinicians and administrators, by several noted authors.
Draft Guidelines for International Trauma Training
ISTSS' Taskforce on International Trauma Training: draft guidelines for mental health professionals who train internationally.
Treating Survivors in the Acute Aftermath of Traumatic Events
Dr. Arieh Shalev's PDF article discusses issues surrounding provision of early treatment for trauma (disaster) victims.
Psychosocial Issues for Children and Families in Disasters: a Guide For The Primary Care Physician
This detailed guide, by the American Academy of Pediatrics' Work Group on Disasters, is written for family physicians.
School Disaster: Planning & Initial Interventions
Article by Kathi Nader and Robert Pynoos covers interventions for children, parents and staff.
Community Crisis Response Team Training Manual
Marlene Young's 1994 NOVA training guide for individuals and communities responding to crisis.
DeWolfe's Training Manual
A 156-page training manual, by Dr Deborah DeWolfe, for mental health and human service workers in major disasters (PDF file).
DeWolfe's Field Manual
A 40-page field manual, by Dr Deborah DeWolfe, for mental health and human service workers in major disasters (PDF file).
Coping with Disaster: a Guidebook to Psychosocial Intervention
John Ehrenreich's guide to help people cope with the emotional effects of disasters (requires PDF format).
Eye of the Storm: Disaster Mental Health
Extensive information about disaster mental health, written by John D. Weaver.
Key Concepts of Disaster Mental Health
Full text of the first chapter from a disaster response handbook, written by Diane Myers.
Victims of Disasters: Helping People Recover
Dr Parson's article on helping affected people recover from acute distress to healing and integration following a disaster.
Children & Natural Disasters: A Guide for Teachers
A guide written specifically for teachers dealing with children stressed by natural or other disasters.
Psychosocial Issues for Older Adults in Disasters
Written by William Oriol, this guide for health and mental health professionals is in PDF format.
Family Assistance Plan for Aviation Disasters
Index to the NTSB Family Assistance Plan for Aviation Disasters,provided as two separate HTML files.
Guide to Talking About Disasters
Red Cross guide assists those who may be providing disaster safety information to the public.

TopDisaster Links

This section contains many links to disaster-related sites. Links concerning general disaster response are organized by scope or focus. Other links providing information about current or recent disasters follow them, and a rotating list of temporary links focused on specific current or recent disasters concludes this page. [Please check the Site Map to locate additional links available at this site.]

General Disaster Sites

Many organizations offer relief information and assistance to victims of trauma in disasters. Here are some links to the information available, separated into subsections by their predominant focus or scope (e.g., global, US, and foreign).

TopCurrent Disasters: Natural or Man-Made

A collection of links to updated information about current disaster(s), followed by sites concentrating on specific recent disasters. These links are updated periodically. Links in this section focus on breaking news and current disasters:

TopSpecific Natural Disasters

A changing collection of sites with information about current or recent natural disaster(s). These links are updated periodically.

TopSpecific Man-Made Disasters

A changing collection of sites with information about current or recent man-made disaster(s). These links are updated periodically.

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